"Two broad types of surveillance can be distinguished: mass surveillance and targeted surveillance. Mass surveillance is also known as “passive” or “undirected” surveillance. (JUSTICE, p 109, note 20) It is not targeted on any particular individual but gathers images and information for possible future use. CCTV and databases are examples of mass surveillance.
Targeted surveillance is surveillance directed at particular individuals and can involve the use of specific powers by authorised public agencies. Targeted surveillance can be carried out overtly or covertly, and can involve human agents. Under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000 (RIPA), targeted covert surveillance is “directed” if it is carried out for a specific investigation or operation. By comparison, if it is carried out on designated premises or on a vehicle, it is “intrusive” surveillance. Targeting methods include the interception of communications, the use of communications “traffic” data, visual surveillance devices, and devices that sense movement, objects or persons."
Little Brother?
Getting the balance right on surveillance powers
Getting the balance right on surveillance powers
"Surveillance has been a topic covered by Select Committees in both the House of Commons and House of Lords in the past year. In 2005 the Surveillance Studies Network published a report for the Information Commissioner terming the UK a ‘Surveillance Society’. Following this, the House of Commons Home Affairs Select Committee launched an inquiry and published their findings in ‘A Surveillance Society?’ in June 2008. The House of Lords Constitution Committee has also recently published the results of its inquiry into surveillance powers and recommended that there should be a public consultation on the levels of authorisation required for different surveillance activities."
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